3. Causes of Interpersonal Conflict

The following are identified as the causes of interpersonal conflict:

 

Perception, which encompasses both perceived incompatible goals and limited resources. Often, people are fully convinced that they have opposing goals and cannot agree on something they could strive toward together.

Interdependence. The parties in the conflict engage in expressed struggle and hinder each other because they are dependent on one another, so interdependence is a key condition for the conflict to occur. “A person who is not dependent on another, that is, is not concerned with what the other does, does not experience conflict with that other person” (Braiker & Kelley 1979, 137).

Expressed Struggle. Often, in cases where one party openly disagrees with the other, communication behavior is easy to identify as conflict. However, in other cases, interpersonal conflict occurs not at the verbal level. For example, two friends may consciously avoid each other, both convinced that they do not want to see the other due to what the other has done. This kind of interpersonal struggle is expressed through avoidance.

Interference. For a conflict to arise, interference or the perception of interference is necessary. If another person’s presence or behavior hinders us from performing desired actions, the conflict intensifies.

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